Hernia

Hernia is the bulging of a portion of an organ through an abnormal opening. The danger from herniation arises when the opening through which the organ is protruding is constricted to the extent that circulation is impaired or when the protruding organ impairs the function of other structures. Inguinal hernias account for about 80% of all hernias and are the most common surgical procedures done in infancy. In an "indirect " hernia the hernia sac begins lateral to the inferior epigastric vessels, indicating that it arose at the top of the inguinal canal. Conversely, the "direct" inguinal hernia enters through a weak point in the fascia of the abdominal wall, and its sac is noted to be medial to these vessels. Surgical correction of inguinal hernias, called a herniorraphy or hernioplasty, is now often performed as an ambulatory, or "day surgery", procedure. Umbilical hernias usually occur in infants and children. Ventral hernias develop in operative scars.

 

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